The exhaust vent and door gasket
The oven has vents to assure an even distribution of temperature during baking and to remove excess moisture. Air passes through a gap usually at the bottom of the oven door) is heated, then rises out of a port at the top rear of the oven or under the surface burners.
Check the oven exhaust vent and clear it of obstructions. If you are putting aluminum foil underneath the surface heating elements of your electric range, be careful not to block the vent. Also be careful when using aluminum foil in the oven not to cover the oven bottom or ventilation gaps with it.
A door gasket, usually running along the side edges and the top edge of the door, helps maintain the proper air flow. Replace the gasket if it becomes worn and cracked.
The electric surface heating element
The surface heating elements on an electric range consist of either a single coil or a double coil. Heating of the single-coil element is usually regulated by a variable heat control that works like a thermostat, turning the element on and off periodically to assure a relatively uniform temperature. A coil in a double-coil element, on the other hand, stays on until you turn it off. For a selection of heat settings, the double coil element is controlled by more complicated switching circuitry, which employs combinations of voltages with one of the other coils, or with both coils simultaneously.
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